--- title: Epec's Blog | Printed Circuit Boards (3) description: Printed Circuit Boards | A manufacturing blog focusing on posts about customized product solutions that are beneficial to engineers or anyone in the electronics industry. 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[Register](https://secure.epecpcb.com/epec/index2.jsp) [![](https://www.epectec.com/images/InstantPCBQuote-logo.png)](https://www.epectec.com/instantpcbquote/) [Login](https://secure.epecpcb.com/epec/) [Register](https://secure.epecpcb.com/epec/index2.jsp) Register to Quote and Order Your PCBs Fast, Easy & Online, 24/7 - [Home](https://www.epectec.com/) - [Blog](https://blog.epectec.com/) Share This Page: [LinkedIn](https://blog.epectec.com/#linkedin) [X](https://blog.epectec.com/#x) [Facebook](https://blog.epectec.com/#facebook) [Email](https://blog.epectec.com/#email) # Epec's Blog | Electronics Manufacturing Solutions --- ## [Specialty Processing in Multi-Layer PCB Manufacturing](https://blog.epectec.com/specialty-processing-in-multi-layer-pcb-manufacturing) [![Circuit board internal layers routing to a BGA](https://blog.epectec.com/hubfs/blog/internal-pcb-layers-routing-to-a-bga.jpg "Circuit board internal layers routing to a BGA")](https://blog.epectec.com/specialty-processing-in-multi-layer-pcb-manufacturing) Written by [Angie Brown](https://blog.epectec.com/author/angie-brown) Posted on April 24, 2025 at 9:22 AM - [Tweet](https://twitter.com/share) Although it may not feel like it, the [PCB manufacturing](https://www.epectec.com/pcb/) industry is approaching its 100th anniversary – a remarkable milestone. It’s hard for me to believe, especially having spent 40 years in the business myself. The idea of reaching a century of innovation in this field once seemed impossible. It almost feels like we should begin the story with, “A long time ago, in the 1930s,” when PCBs first came to light during WWII. Yet here we are, on the brink of celebrating this incredible achievement. [Read More](https://blog.epectec.com/specialty-processing-in-multi-layer-pcb-manufacturing) --- ## [PCB Design: Top Factors Related to Data Routing and Layout - Q&A](https://blog.epectec.com/pcb-design-top-factors-related-to-data-routing-and-layout-q-and-a) [![PCB Design: Top Factors Related to Data Routing and Layout ](https://blog.epectec.com/hubfs/social-suggested-images/www.epectec.comimagespcb-desig-top-factors-related-to-data-routing-and-layout-4.jpg "PCB Design: Top Factors Related to Data Routing and Layout ")](https://blog.epectec.com/pcb-design-top-factors-related-to-data-routing-and-layout-q-and-a) Written by [Epec Engineered Technologies](https://blog.epectec.com/author/epec-engineered-technologies) Posted on April 21, 2025 at 8:44 AM - [Tweet](https://twitter.com/share) At the conclusion of our webinar, [PCB Design: Top Factors Related to Data Routing and Layout](https://www.epectec.com/webinar/04-10-2025/pcb-design-top-factors-related-to-data-routing-and-layout.html), several questions were submitted to our presenter, Angie Brown, Product Manager of Printed Circuit Boards at Epec. We have compiled these questions into a readable format on our blog. [Read More](https://blog.epectec.com/pcb-design-top-factors-related-to-data-routing-and-layout-q-and-a) --- ## [Understanding Impedance Control in PCB Manufacturing](https://blog.epectec.com/understanding-impedance-control-in-pcb-manufacturing) [![Examples of differential pair-controlled impedance circuit structures](https://blog.epectec.com/hubfs/blog/outer-layer-circuit-differential-pair-impedance-structure.jpg "Examples of differential pair-controlled impedance circuit structures")](https://blog.epectec.com/understanding-impedance-control-in-pcb-manufacturing) Written by [Angie Brown](https://blog.epectec.com/author/angie-brown) Posted on March 18, 2025 at 8:46 AM - [Tweet](https://twitter.com/share) In today’s digital and electronic world, with higher frequency electronics and the miniaturization of devices, it is becoming increasingly important to effectively control the electrical signals in the high-speed [printed circuit boards](https://www.epectec.com/pcb/) used. [Read More](https://blog.epectec.com/understanding-impedance-control-in-pcb-manufacturing) --- ## [Vertical Copper Plating: Efficiency and Quality in PCB Manufacturing](https://blog.epectec.com/vertical-copper-plating-efficiency-and-quality-in-pcb-manufacturing) [![PCB production panels are fed into the line (left) on a vertical copper plate machine before coming off the line (right)](https://blog.epectec.com/hubfs/blog/pcb-vertical-copper-plating-process.jpg "PCB production panels are fed into the line (left) on a vertical copper plate machine before coming off the line (right)")](https://blog.epectec.com/vertical-copper-plating-efficiency-and-quality-in-pcb-manufacturing) Written by [Chris Perry](https://blog.epectec.com/author/chris-perry) Posted on February 11, 2025 at 9:03 AM - [Tweet](https://twitter.com/share) In the highly competitive world of [PCB manufacturing](https://www.epectec.com/pcb/), innovation is the key to staying ahead. The choice of manufacturing processes can significantly impact efficiency, quality, and overall production costs. [Read More](https://blog.epectec.com/vertical-copper-plating-efficiency-and-quality-in-pcb-manufacturing) --- ## [PCB Trace Width and Spacing: Calculations and Real-World Applications](https://blog.epectec.com/pcb-trace-width-and-spacing-calculations-and-real-world-applications) [![PCB with trace and space less than 0.005 mils](https://blog.epectec.com/hubfs/blog/pcb-with-tight-trace-and-space.jpg "PCB with trace and space less than 0.005 mils")](https://blog.epectec.com/pcb-trace-width-and-spacing-calculations-and-real-world-applications) Written by [Angie Brown](https://blog.epectec.com/author/angie-brown) Posted on January 7, 2025 at 9:17 AM - [Tweet](https://twitter.com/share) I sat at my desk contemplating the subject of this blog post, trace and space circuitry for printed circuit boards, and as usual, I drifted back to the start, for me, which was 1982. The date stamp amuses me – how is it 2024, already!? Of course, when you look back, you can’t stop the memories from flooding in. [Read More](https://blog.epectec.com/pcb-trace-width-and-spacing-calculations-and-real-world-applications) --- ## [An Introduction to Printed Circuit Board Markings](https://blog.epectec.com/an-introduction-to-printed-circuit-board-markings) [![PCB with bar code markings](https://blog.epectec.com/hubfs/blog/printed-circuit-board-with-bar-code-markings.jpg "PCB with bar code markings")](https://blog.epectec.com/an-introduction-to-printed-circuit-board-markings) Written by [Angie Brown](https://blog.epectec.com/author/angie-brown) Posted on November 14, 2024 at 8:37 AM - [Tweet](https://twitter.com/share) Markings serve two main purposes on [printed circuit boards](https://www.epectec.com/pcb/) - identification and traceability. Both types of markings are done to the specifications of our customers, but in the absence of specific requirements, our standard markings are applied. In this post we will review these 2 types of markings and additional identification marks that can be incorporated into your printed circuit board. [Read More](https://blog.epectec.com/an-introduction-to-printed-circuit-board-markings) --- ## [What is CTI and How Does it Impact PCB Manufacturing?](https://blog.epectec.com/what-is-cti-and-how-does-it-impact-pcb-manufacturing) [![PCB after CTI testing](https://blog.epectec.com/hubfs/blog/pcb-after-cti-testing.jpg "PCB after CTI testing")](https://blog.epectec.com/what-is-cti-and-how-does-it-impact-pcb-manufacturing) Written by [Angie Brown](https://blog.epectec.com/author/angie-brown) Posted on August 26, 2024 at 9:07 AM - [Tweet](https://twitter.com/share) [Printed circuit boards (PCBs)](https://www.epectec.com/pcb/) require insulation as part of the manufacturing process. The insulation helps to protect non-conductive materials while also preventing the conductive components from coming into contact with each other. It separates the conductive paths to prevent shortages and failures. [Read More](https://blog.epectec.com/what-is-cti-and-how-does-it-impact-pcb-manufacturing) --- ## [PCB Components and Laminates: Navigating the Cycle of Obsolescence](https://blog.epectec.com/pcb-components-and-laminates-navigating-the-cycle-of-obsolescence) [![Printed circuit board manufactured with Tachyon100G laminate](https://blog.epectec.com/hubfs/blog/pcb-manufactured-with-tachyon-100g-laminate.jpg "Printed circuit board manufactured with Tachyon100G laminate")](https://blog.epectec.com/pcb-components-and-laminates-navigating-the-cycle-of-obsolescence) Written by [Epec Engineered Technologies](https://blog.epectec.com/author/epec-engineered-technologies) Posted on May 15, 2024 at 8:47 AM - [Tweet](https://twitter.com/share) In the rapidly advancing world of electronics, few areas are as subject to constant change and innovation as [printed circuit board (PCB)](https://www.epectec.com/pcb/) technology. The components and laminates that form the backbone of these vital circuit boards are continuously being revised, updated, and even rendered obsolete by the relentless pace of progress. [Read More](https://blog.epectec.com/pcb-components-and-laminates-navigating-the-cycle-of-obsolescence) --- ## [PCB Manufacturing: Deep Dive into Specialty Processes and Cost Adders](https://blog.epectec.com/pcb-manufacturing-deep-dive-into-specialty-processes-and-cost-adders) [![PCB through hole vias within BGA](https://blog.epectec.com/hubfs/blog/pcb-through-hole-vias-within-bga.jpg "PCB through hole vias within BGA")](https://blog.epectec.com/pcb-manufacturing-deep-dive-into-specialty-processes-and-cost-adders) Written by [Angie Brown](https://blog.epectec.com/author/angie-brown) Posted on March 28, 2024 at 9:12 AM - [Tweet](https://twitter.com/share) [Printed Circuit Boards](https://www.epectec.com/pcb/) (PCBs) are ubiquitous in today's technology-driven world, serving as the backbone for everything from smartphones to space shuttles. While they may seem straightforward, the truth is, no two PCBs are the same. With the advent of increasingly complex electronics, manufacturing PCBs has become an intricate task that involves a lot of specialized engineering. [Read More](https://blog.epectec.com/pcb-manufacturing-deep-dive-into-specialty-processes-and-cost-adders) --- ## [Common Printed Circuit Board Design Mistakes and How to Avoid Them](https://blog.epectec.com/common-printed-circuit-board-design-mistakes-and-how-to-avoid-them) [![PCB with silkscreen print issues](https://blog.epectec.com/hubfs/blog/pcb-silkscreen-print-issues.jpg "PCB with silkscreen print issues")](https://blog.epectec.com/common-printed-circuit-board-design-mistakes-and-how-to-avoid-them) Written by [Angie Brown](https://blog.epectec.com/author/angie-brown) Posted on March 14, 2024 at 8:27 AM - [Tweet](https://twitter.com/share) At the base of all [printed circuit boards](https://www.epectec.com/pcb/) is the material. We have to start somewhere, so, let’s talk about the material. PCBs are built-to-print products, and although they are very similar, no matter the shape, size, or layer count, they are unique and have their attributes. [Read More](https://blog.epectec.com/common-printed-circuit-board-design-mistakes-and-how-to-avoid-them) [Previous](https://blog.epectec.com/topic/printed-circuit-boards/page/2) | [All posts](https://blog.epectec.com/all) | [Next](https://blog.epectec.com/topic/printed-circuit-boards/page/4) --- ### Recent Posts --- ### Posts by Topic - [Printed Circuit Boards (162)](https://blog.epectec.com/topic/printed-circuit-boards) - [Product Design (139)](https://blog.epectec.com/topic/product-design) - [Battery Packs (122)](https://blog.epectec.com/topic/battery-packs) - [Cable Assemblies (103)](https://blog.epectec.com/topic/cable-assemblies) - [Flex & Rigid-Flex PCB's (96)](https://blog.epectec.com/topic/flex-rigid-flex-pcbs) - [Electronics Industry (61)](https://blog.epectec.com/topic/electronics-industry) - [User Interfaces (55)](https://blog.epectec.com/topic/user-interfaces) - [Quality Solutions (33)](https://blog.epectec.com/topic/quality-solutions) - [Flexible Heaters (31)](https://blog.epectec.com/topic/flexible-heaters) - [Events, Training, and Support (9)](https://blog.epectec.com/topic/events-training-and-support) - [RF Products (7)](https://blog.epectec.com/topic/rf-products) - [CNC Machining (3)](https://blog.epectec.com/topic/cnc-machining) - [Fans & Motors (1)](https://blog.epectec.com/topic/fans-motors) See All --- --- ### Need Help with A Project? 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