--- title: Epec's Blog | Chris Perry (2) description: "Chris has been with Epec for almost two decades, including 8 years manufacturing experience within a quality control role and 2 years in the front end planning department.\n\nAs a lab technician, Chris analyzed and maintained chemical processes within bare board manufacturing, while aiding with overall quality in all departments. He also monitored and maintained the company wastewater facility to comply with local environmental agencies.\n\nAs Epec has grown, Chris has continued to accept new responsibilities within the company. Chris has also held the role of PCB planning, where he learned the entire process, through customer delivery.\n\nChris has been certified through Addstan Management Systems as an ISO 9001:2000 Internal Auditor, and most recently received IPC-A-600 Certified IPC Specialist from Eptac Corporation.\n\nChris received his A.S. degree in Environmental Science at Bristol College, was certified as Class III Industrial Wastewater operator, and also was certified as an emergency response operator. (2)" --- [![Epec Engineered Technologies](https://www.epectec.com/images/logo.png "Epec Engineered Technologies")](https://www.epectec.com/) [![Epec Engineered Technologies](https://www.epectec.com/images/logo.png "Epec Engineered Technologies")](https://www.epectec.com/) - [Articles](https://www.epectec.com/articles/) - [Blog](https://blog.epectec.com/) - [Webinars](https://www.epectec.com/webinar/) - [Videos](https://www.epectec.com/videos/) - [Case Studies](https://www.epectec.com/case-studies/) - [News & Events](https://www.epectec.com/news/) - [Customer Portal](https://system.netsuite.com/c.406760/site/NSlogin.html) - [About](https://www.epectec.com/about/overview/) - Back - [Company Overview](https://www.epectec.com/about/overview/) - [Our History](https://www.epectec.com/about/our-history/) - [Culture](https://www.epectec.com/about/culture/) - [Industries Served](https://www.epectec.com/about/industry/) - [Acquisitions](https://www.epectec.com/about/acquisitions.html) - [Operations](https://www.epectec.com/operations/) - Back - [Operational Excellence](https://www.epectec.com/operations/) - [Quality Philosophy](https://www.epectec.com/operations/quality-philosophy.html) - [Quality Assurance Process](https://www.epectec.com/operations/quality-assurance-process.html) - [Global Operations](https://www.epectec.com/operations/global-operations.html) - [Logistics & Supply Chain](https://www.epectec.com/operations/logistics-and-supply-chain.html) - [Inventory Stocking](https://www.epectec.com/operations/inventory-stocking.html) - [Approvals](https://www.epectec.com/operations/approvals.html) - [ITAR Registered](https://www.epectec.com/operations/itar-registered.html) - [Engineering](https://www.epectec.com/engineering/overview/) - Back - [Engineering Overview](https://www.epectec.com/engineering/overview/) - [Engineering Support](https://www.epectec.com/engineering/support/) - [Design Services](https://www.epectec.com/engineering/design-services/) - [EpecDFx™](https://www.epectec.com/engineering/epecdfx/) - [Free DFM File Check](https://www.epectec.com/engineering/free-dfm.html) - [PCB Impedance Calculator](https://www.epectec.com/engineering/impedance-calculator.html) - [Products](https://www.epectec.com/products/) - Back - [Overview](https://www.epectec.com/products/) - [Battery Packs](https://www.epectec.com/batteries/) - [Flex & Rigid-Flex PCBS](https://www.epectec.com/flex/) - [Cable Assemblies](https://www.epectec.com/cable-assemblies/) - [Printed Circuit Boards](https://www.epectec.com/pcb/) - [CNC Machining](https://www.epectec.com/cnc-machining/) - [User Interfaces](https://www.epectec.com/user-interfaces/) - [Flexible Heaters](https://www.epectec.com/flexible-heaters/) - [EC Fans & Motors](https://www.epectec.com/fans-motors/) - [Design Guides](https://www.epectec.com/guides/) - [Design Guides](https://www.epectec.com/guides/) - Back - Resources - Back - [Articles](https://www.epectec.com/articles/) - [Blog](https://blog.epectec.com/) - [Webinars](https://www.epectec.com/webinar/) - [Videos](https://www.epectec.com/videos/) - [Case Studies](https://www.epectec.com/case-studies/) - [News & Events](https://www.epectec.com/news/) - [Customer Portal](https://system.netsuite.com/c.406760/site/NSlogin.html) - [Contact Us](https://www.epectec.com/contact/) - Back - [Contact Information](https://www.epectec.com/contact/) - [Our Sales Team](https://www.epectec.com/contact/our-sales-team.html) - [Office Locations](https://www.epectec.com/contact/office-locations.html) - [Career Opportunities](https://www.epectec.com/contact/career-opportunities.html) - [InstantPCB*Quote*™](https://www.epectec.com/instantpcbquote/) - Back - [Overview](https://www.epectec.com/instantpcbquote/) - [Login](https://secure.epecpcb.com/epec/) - [Register](https://secure.epecpcb.com/epec/index2.jsp) - [Home](https://www.epectec.com/) - [Blog](https://blog.epectec.com/) - Chris Perry Share This Page: [LinkedIn](https://blog.epectec.com/#linkedin) [X](https://blog.epectec.com/#x) [Facebook](https://blog.epectec.com/#facebook) [Email](https://blog.epectec.com/#email) # Epec's Blog | Electronics Manufacturing Solutions ![Chris Perry](https://blog.epectec.com/hubfs/Blog-Authors/chris-perry.jpg "Chris Perry") ## Chris Perry Chris has been with Epec for almost two decades, including 8 years manufacturing experience within a quality control role and 2 years in the front end planning department. As a lab technician, Chris analyzed and maintained chemical processes within bare board manufacturing, while aiding with overall quality in all departments. He also monitored and maintained the company wastewater facility to comply with local environmental agencies. As Epec has grown, Chris has continued to accept new responsibilities within the company. Chris has also held the role of PCB planning, where he learned the entire process, through customer delivery. Chris has been certified through Addstan Management Systems as an ISO 9001:2000 Internal Auditor, and most recently received IPC-A-600 Certified IPC Specialist from Eptac Corporation. Chris received his A.S. degree in Environmental Science at Bristol College, was certified as Class III Industrial Wastewater operator, and also was certified as an emergency response operator. ### Recent Posts --- ## [Poor PCB Silkscreen Legibility Issues](https://blog.epectec.com/poor-pcb-silkscreen-legibility-issue) [![Received PCB Silkscreen Data](https://blog.epectec.com/hubfs/Blog/example-of-received-pcb-silkscreen-data.jpg "Received PCB Silkscreen Data")](https://blog.epectec.com/poor-pcb-silkscreen-legibility-issue) Written by [Chris Perry](https://blog.epectec.com/author/chris-perry) Posted on July 27, 2017 at 9:00 AM - [Tweet](https://twitter.com/share) Among the multiple layers of [a printed circuit board (PCB)](http://www.epectec.com/pcb/) lies the PCB silkscreen layer. The placement of the silkscreen markings, whether on the top or bottom layer, in conjunction with the features of the other layers, could affect the final legibility of the printed circuit board markings. [Read More  ](https://blog.epectec.com/poor-pcb-silkscreen-legibility-issue) --- ## [Understanding An IPC 4101 Slash Sheet](https://blog.epectec.com/understanding-an-ipc-4101-slash-sheet) [![Example of IPC 4101 Slash Sheet](https://blog.epectec.com/hubfs/Blog/ipc-410-slash-sheet.jpg "Example of IPC 4101 Slash Sheet")](https://blog.epectec.com/understanding-an-ipc-4101-slash-sheet) Written by [Chris Perry](https://blog.epectec.com/author/chris-perry) Posted on January 31, 2017 at 11:53 AM - [Tweet](https://twitter.com/share) IPC 4101 (Specification for Base Materials for [Rigid and Multi-Layer Printed Circuit Boards](http://www.epectec.com/pcb/)) was released for publication in December, 1997. It was released as the replacement standard for MIL-S-13949. However, it contained a majority of the exact wording from the military standard. It maintained the “slash sheet” format appendix to the standard that specifies the resin and fiber system of different [PCB laminates](http://www.epectec.com/pcb/laminate-material.html), along with testing parameters and properties. Initially there were 41 slash sheets, but as the industry opens up to “Lead Free” and “Green” processes, the slash sheets have increased to 66, the current revision. [Read More  ](https://blog.epectec.com/understanding-an-ipc-4101-slash-sheet) --- ## [RoHS Compliance Standards Beyond High Tg PCB](https://blog.epectec.com/rohs-compliance-stantards-beyond-high-tg-pcb) [![RoHS Compliancy is Not Just a Question of Tg Anymore](https://blog.epectec.com/hubfs/Blog/rohs-compliant-circuit%20board.jpg "RoHS Compliancy is Not Just a Question of Tg Anymore")](https://blog.epectec.com/rohs-compliance-stantards-beyond-high-tg-pcb) Written by [Chris Perry](https://blog.epectec.com/author/chris-perry) Posted on December 27, 2016 at 2:02 PM - [Tweet](https://twitter.com/share) As a contract manufacturer, say you receive a new circuit board part to assemble that is 6-layers with a high micro-via count, has blind and buried vias, and a lead free HASL finish. The [circuit board laminate](http://www.epectec.com/pcb/laminate-material.html) requirement for meeting the Restriction of Hazardous Substances, or RoHS compliance, is strictly Glass Transition Temperature(Tg) 170. [Read More  ](https://blog.epectec.com/rohs-compliance-stantards-beyond-high-tg-pcb) --- ## [Understanding Bow and Twist of Printed Circuit Boards](https://blog.epectec.com/understanding-bow-and-twist-of-printed-circuit-boards) [![Printed Circuit Board with Bow and Twist](https://blog.epectec.com/hubfs/Blog/printed-circuit-board-with-bow-and-twist.jpg "Printed Circuit Board with Bow and Twist")](https://blog.epectec.com/understanding-bow-and-twist-of-printed-circuit-boards) Written by [Chris Perry](https://blog.epectec.com/author/chris-perry) Posted on December 15, 2016 at 10:20 AM - [Tweet](https://twitter.com/share) Bow and twist of [printed circuit boards](http://www.epectec.com/pcb/) (PCB) routinely rank among the highest levels of falsely identified non-conformance because it is perhaps the least understood. Envisioning a perfectly flat rigid circuit board as the standard is a fallacy believed by many incoming inspectors. Understanding the reasons and causes for PCB bow and twist can help resolve the issue at the board design stage. [Read More  ](https://blog.epectec.com/understanding-bow-and-twist-of-printed-circuit-boards) --- ## [Incoming Inspection of Printed Circuit Boards](https://blog.epectec.com/incoming-inspection-of-printed-circuit-boards) [![Printed Circuit Board Solder Sample](https://blog.epectec.com/hubfs/Blog/printed-circuit-board-solder-sample.jpg "Printed Circuit Board Solder Sample")](https://blog.epectec.com/incoming-inspection-of-printed-circuit-boards) Written by [Chris Perry](https://blog.epectec.com/author/chris-perry) Posted on June 30, 2016 at 1:30 PM - [Tweet](https://twitter.com/share) As [printed circuit board (PCB) designs](http://www.epectec.com/pcb/layout-and-design.html) get more demanding with advances in technology involving complex footprints and added costs to components, incoming inspection of printed circuit boards must take higher priority. [Read More  ](https://blog.epectec.com/incoming-inspection-of-printed-circuit-boards) --- ## [Managing Quality with Asian PCB Manufacturers](https://blog.epectec.com/managing-quality-with-asian-pcb-manufacturers) [![Managing Quality with Asian PCB Manufactures](https://blog.epectec.com/hubfs/Blog/managing-quality-with-asian-pcb-manufactures.jpg "Managing Quality with Asian PCB Manufactures")](https://blog.epectec.com/managing-quality-with-asian-pcb-manufacturers) Written by [Chris Perry](https://blog.epectec.com/author/chris-perry) Posted on January 28, 2016 at 1:30 PM - [Tweet](https://twitter.com/share) There was a time when “Made in China” was synonymous with cheaper, poor quality products. "Buyer beware" was the common theme associated with outsourcing to any Asian [PCB manufacturers](http://www.epectec.com/pcb/manufacturing-capabilities.html). So how did Epec approach this challenge and succeed? It was by [managing quality through intense auditing, training, and qualification](http://www.epectec.com/operations/quality-philosophy.html). Epec understood at a very early stage that first-class quality products from Asian manufacturers would require consistent presence, training, and auditing. [Read More  ](https://blog.epectec.com/managing-quality-with-asian-pcb-manufacturers) --- ## [PCB Cleanliness Attention to Details](https://blog.epectec.com/pcb-cleanliness-attention-to-details) [![Cleaner finishes such as ENIG, are beneficial in attaining a cleaner PCB](https://blog.epectec.com/hubfs/Blog/attaining-a-cleaner-pcb.jpg "Cleaner finishes such as ENIG, are beneficial in attaining a cleaner PCB")](https://blog.epectec.com/pcb-cleanliness-attention-to-details) Written by [Chris Perry](https://blog.epectec.com/author/chris-perry) Posted on October 13, 2015 at 3:13 PM - [Tweet](https://twitter.com/share) Cleanliness of bare circuit boards increases in importance with [advances in PCB technology](https://www.epectec.com/pcb/) that continue to decrease conductor spacing. Inorganic contamination within printed circuit board fabrication can lead to electrochemical migration. Electrochemical migration is the dissolution and movement of metal ions in presence of electric potential, which results in the growth of dendritic structures between anode and cathode. These dendritic growths, which were minimal over periods of time, were not a concern of "yesterdays" bare boards. [Read More  ](https://blog.epectec.com/pcb-cleanliness-attention-to-details) --- ## [Matte Finish vs Gloss Finish In PCB Solder Mask Design](https://blog.epectec.com/matte-finish-vs-gloss-finish-in-pcb-solder-mask-design) [![Gloss Finish & Matte Finish Solder Mask](https://www.epectec.com/images/pcb-soldermask-gloss-vs-matte.jpg "Gloss Finish & Matte Finish Solder Mask")](https://blog.epectec.com/matte-finish-vs-gloss-finish-in-pcb-solder-mask-design) Written by [Chris Perry](https://blog.epectec.com/author/chris-perry) Posted on March 27, 2015 at 9:47 AM - [Tweet](https://twitter.com/share) When creating your optimal [circuit board design](https://blog.epectec.com/pcb-design-considerations-for-tight-spacing), one factor that must be considered is the [solder mask](https://www.epectec.com/pcb/soldermask-design-basics.html) and whether to go with matte finish solder mask or gloss finish mask for your final product. Usually, most designers don't specify their preference and end up leaving the decision to the PCB fabricator. Most fabricators will likely default to a gloss [surface finish](https://www.epectec.com/pcb/surface-finish-options.html), the more popular choice of the two. [Read More  ](https://blog.epectec.com/matte-finish-vs-gloss-finish-in-pcb-solder-mask-design) --- ## [V Score of Printed Circuit Boards in Arrays](https://blog.epectec.com/v-score-of-printed-circuit-boards-in-arrays) [![Cross Sectional View of a V-Score Cut and Broad PCB View.](https://blog.epectec.com/hubfs/Blog/v-scored-pcb-and-a-cross-sectional-view.jpg "Cross Sectional View of a V-Score Cut and Broad PCB View.")](https://blog.epectec.com/v-score-of-printed-circuit-boards-in-arrays) Written by [Chris Perry](https://blog.epectec.com/author/chris-perry) Posted on January 14, 2015 at 3:17 PM - [Tweet](https://twitter.com/share) When [designing PCBs in a multi-up array](https://blog.epectec.com/pcb-design-for-manufacturability-analysis-beyond-drc), most designers choose v-score (also referred to as v score, v cut, or v groove) as the singulation method over traditional rout and breakaway tabs. The benefits of v-scoring pcb range from effortless removal of parts from panel form to realized cost savings with better utilization of panel area. When [designing circuit boards](https://www.epectec.com/pcb/layout-and-design.html) in array with v-scoring, there are two areas of concern - the angle of the cut, and the depth of the cut. [Read More  ](https://blog.epectec.com/v-score-of-printed-circuit-boards-in-arrays) --- ## [The Use of Strain Relief with Rigid-Flex Printed Circuit Boards](https://blog.epectec.com/the-use-of-strain-relief-with-rigid-flex-printed-circuit-boards) [![Rigid-flex circuit board transition zone from rigid to flex material](https://blog.epectec.com/hubfs/Blog/rigid-flex-circuit-board-transition-zone-from-rigid-to-flex-material.jpg "Rigid-flex circuit board transition zone from rigid to flex material")](https://blog.epectec.com/the-use-of-strain-relief-with-rigid-flex-printed-circuit-boards) Written by [Chris Perry](https://blog.epectec.com/author/chris-perry) Posted on November 12, 2014 at 10:13 AM - [Tweet](https://twitter.com/share) For [rigid-flex printed circuit boards](https://www.epectec.com/flex/) (PCBs), the space joining rigid material to flex material (Transition Zone) sometimes contains imperfections that, although acceptable, could impact effectiveness of the final part. Transition zone imperfections can include any of the following: [Read More  ](https://blog.epectec.com/the-use-of-strain-relief-with-rigid-flex-printed-circuit-boards) [Previous](https://blog.epectec.com/author/chris-perry/page/1) | [All posts](https://blog.epectec.com/all) | [Next](https://blog.epectec.com/author/chris-perry/page/3) --- ### Recent Posts --- ### Posts by Topic - [Printed Circuit Boards (160)](https://blog.epectec.com/topic/printed-circuit-boards) - [Product Design (137)](https://blog.epectec.com/topic/product-design) - [Battery Packs (121)](https://blog.epectec.com/topic/battery-packs) - [Cable Assemblies (101)](https://blog.epectec.com/topic/cable-assemblies) - [Flex & Rigid-Flex PCB's (95)](https://blog.epectec.com/topic/flex-rigid-flex-pcbs) - [Electronics Industry (61)](https://blog.epectec.com/topic/electronics-industry) - [User Interfaces (55)](https://blog.epectec.com/topic/user-interfaces) - [Quality Solutions (33)](https://blog.epectec.com/topic/quality-solutions) - [Flexible Heaters (30)](https://blog.epectec.com/topic/flexible-heaters) - [Events, Training, and Support (9)](https://blog.epectec.com/topic/events-training-and-support) - [RF Products (7)](https://blog.epectec.com/topic/rf-products) - [CNC Machining (3)](https://blog.epectec.com/topic/cnc-machining) - [Fans & Motors (1)](https://blog.epectec.com/topic/fans-motors) See All --- --- ### Need Help with A Project? 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