The major difference between a stranded cable and solid cable is the flexibility. Within this post we will define cable flexibility with regard to ability to withstand continuous movement. Depending on your application, cable flexibility can be a factor when choosing the proper components for your cable assembly or wire harness.
Solid Cables
The aesthetic differences between solid and stranded cables can be clearly seen in the image below. Solid cables consist of a single solid strand of metal wire. Because solid equates with more rigid, it is best suited within an application that doesn't require much flexibility.
Stranded Cables
A stranded cable is composed of several small wires grouped or wrapped together to form a larger conductor. The stranded variety is a more viable option when an application requires flexibility.
Example of a Stranded and Solid Cable
Summary
Stranded cables were developed as the solution to overcoming rigidity concerns of solid wires. Increasing the number of strands of a conductor while decreasing the size of the individual strands allows for a more flexible cable. The use of stranded conductors allows the cable to be more flexible, aiding in the routing of a cable as well as tightening the bend radius of a cable.
Using a stranded conductor permits a cable the ability to withstand repeated flexing and constant movement. A cable diameter will increase when stranded conductors are used.
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Key Takeaways
- Flexibility is the main difference: Stranded cables are designed for flexibility and can handle continuous movement, while solid cables are rigid and best for stationary applications.
- Solid cables use a single conductor: These are made from one solid strand of metal, offering strength and stability but limited flexibility, making them ideal for fixed installations.
- Stranded cables consist of multiple smaller wires: The grouping of fine strands creates a larger conductor that can bend and move repeatedly without breaking, perfect for dynamic or portable applications.
- More strands mean more flexibility: Increasing the strand count while reducing individual strand size enhances bend radius and routing capabilities but slightly increases overall cable diameter.
- Application determines cable choice: Environments with constant motion or vibration benefit from stranded cables, while solid cables perform better in stable, low-movement setups.
